Upangiri Wotsogolera Wamtundu wa Makanema Opanga Makanema kwa Oyamba

Kodi mukuganiza zantchito yopanga makanema ojambula? Bukuli la Mlangizi wa makanema ndikuwonetsani zomwe akatswiri opanga makanema amachita ndikugawana momwe mungayambire ntchito yanu mu makanema ojambula. Ikufotokozera maluso ndi maphunziro omwe mukufuna, komanso njira zazikulu zopezera ntchito ngati wojambula.

Makanema ojambula pamanja ndi Pipeline Ya Makanema

Makanema ojambula pamanja ndi njira yothetsera mavuto osiyanasiyana. Tisanalowe, tiyeni tiwone masitepe ena kuseri komwe masitudiyo amatsatira kuti mupange makanema ojambula omwe mumakonda.

Choyamba, ingoganizirani kuti situdiyo yojambulira ndi makina opangidwa ndi zinthu zambiri zosuntha. Poterepa magawowa ndi madipatimenti, anthu ndi mapulojekiti ndipo onse amapanga nkhani zowoneka. Mutha kugawaniza mzere wa makina awa, tiyeni tiutche payipi Yopanga Mafilimu, m'magulu atatu akulu:

• Pre-kupanga ndiye gawo loyamba la kanemayo ndipo zimakhudza zinthu monga zolembalemba, zolembalemba, chitukuko chowonera, ndi zina zambiri. Apa ndipomwe nyumba zambiri za nkhaniyi zimapangidwira.
• kupanga Ndilo gawo lapakati ndipo limaphatikizapo zidutswa monga kutengera machitidwe, ma rigging, ndi makanema ojambula. Apa ndipomwe nyumba zambiri zimachitikira, pogwiritsa ntchito zoyambira kuti apange nkhaniyo.
• Kupanga positi ndiye gawo lomaliza, kuphatikiza kapangidwe kake, zowoneka, ndikukonzanso mitundu. Gawo lomalizali likufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane, kupukuta nkhani ndikukonzekera omvera.

Situdiyoyi ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, chifukwa chake pomwe anthu ndi madipatimenti ali ndi madera awo, lingaliro mdera limodzi lingakhudze magulu onse otsatirawa mtsogolo.

Munkhaniyi timangoyang'ana kwambiri makanema ojambula, koma tikukulimbikitsani kuti muphunzire za zinthu zina.

Zomwe opanga makanema amachita

Makanema ojambula ndi ojambula, koma m'malo mwa zida monga maburashi amagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zomwe timawona pazenera kuti anene nkhani yowoneka. Ndiudindo wa makanema ojambula pamanja kutenga cholembedwacho ndi masomphenya a director ndikuwabweretsa amoyo. Akazichita bwino, omvera amatha kuiwala kuti akuyang'ana chidole chachikulu osati munthu wamoyo, wopuma.

Otsatsa akhoza kukhala othamanga, oseketsa komanso ochita zisudzo, nthawi zina onse ali pamalo omwewo! Ntchito yawo ndikupanga mawonekedwe osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa amakanema, makanema apa TV, masewera ndi zotsatsa.

Makanema ojambula pamakhala magulu awiri akulu: Makanema ojambula a 2D gwiritsani ntchito maluso amakono ojambula kapena zida zamakono za digito pofotokozera nkhani. Amagwiritsa ntchito zoyambira nthawi, kutalikirana, ndi chithumwa kuti abweretse owerenga pazithunzi. Makanema ojambula a 3D gwiritsani ntchito mapulogalamu a 3D kuti mukwaniritse zomwezi zomwe ma animator a 2D amachita. Kuphatikiza pa zoyambira za makanema ojambula, opanga makanema ojambula a 3D amagwiritsa ntchito maubwino amapulogalamu amakono kukankhira zaluso zawo kuzitali zatsopano. Ojambulawa ali ndi udindo wopanga chilichonse kuchokera kuzombo zam'mlengalenga, zigoba, mpaka otchulidwa.

Pakatikati mwawo, ojambula a 2D ndi 3D amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zomwezo, koma zida zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone makanema ojambula a 3D pafupi pang'ono ...

Makanema ojambula a 3D abweretse otchulidwa m'moyo pazenera. Pali ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe angaganizirepo, koma nayi ntchito yofunikira kwambiri:

• Onetsani makanema ojambula pamakanema gwiritsani ntchito makanema ndi makanema apa TV kuti mupange ziwonetsero zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa. Makanema ojambula pamanja awa ali ndiudindo wamasewera osakumbukika m'mafilimu monga Ozizira, Kangaude-Munthu: Mu Vesi La Kangaude e Momwe mungaphunzitsire chinjoka chanu.
• Makanema ojambula pamasewera imayang'ana kwambiri pamakina amthupi ndi magwiridwe antchito, ndikugogomezera kulemera kwake ndi momwe zimakhudzira thupi. Amapanga makanema ojambula omwe amapangitsa masewerawa komanso nkhani kukhala zosangalatsa.
• Makanema ojambula a VFX imagwiritsa ntchito kukokomeza komanso kuchenjera kuti isangalatse owerenga digito limodzi ndi anzawo omwe akuchita nawo zomwe akuchita. Nthawi zambiri amapatsa moyo opambana, maloboti akulu ndi zolengedwa zabwino.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamakampani opanga makanema ojambula

M'mbuyomu m'nkhaniyi tidafotokoza za payipi yopanga makanema komanso magawo atatu opanga: kupanga, kupanga, ndi kupanga pambuyo pake. Ndife okonda makanema ojambula pamanja, koma opanga makanemawo ndi oyamba kukuuzani kuti luso lawo ndi logwirizana ndipo zimafunikira anthu aluso ambiri omwe amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti abweretse makanema, masewera apakanema ndi ntchito zina. Pansipa pali mndandanda wafupipafupi wamitu yamtundu wantchito yomwe mungakumane nayo ngakhale munthawi yopanga zojambula.

Ntchito zisanachitike:

• Wowongolera waluso
• Wojambula wakumbuyo
• Wopanga Makhalidwe
• Katswiri Wazolingalira
• Wopanga Zotsatira
• Wopanga zachilengedwe
• Wolemba Zanyengo
• Nkhani Yophunzira
• Wojambula wopanga zithunzi

Ntchito zopanga maudindo:

• Wotsogolera 3D
• Wosangalatsa
• Wojambula wa CG
• Woyang'anira CG
• Wotulutsa mawonekedwe
• Wojambula wofanizira nsalu
• Wojambula wa mkwati
• Wojambula masanjidwe
• Kamangidwe kaukadaulo Wamkulu (TD)
• Wojambula wowunikira
• Woyang'anira wowala
• Wojambula wa Matt
• Woyang'anira Woyang'anira
• Zitsanzo za TD
• Wojambula
• Woyang'anira Zoyendetsa
• Kutengera TD
• Kulimbitsa TD
• Woyang'anira shading / kapangidwe
• Wojambula

Maudindo antchito atatha kupanga:

• Kutanthauzira kwa 3D
• Wolemba
• Mkonzi Woyenda
• Wojambula zithunzi
• Wojambula wa Roto
• Zojambula Zojambula
• Wojambula wa VFX
• Woyang'anira Wowoneka

Njira yabwino yodziwira maluso ndi zofunikira pamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazosangalatsa ndi kuyang'anira mindandanda yazantchito. Ambiri amafotokoza zofunikira mwatsatanetsatane komanso maphunziro aliwonse apadera kapena luso lomwe lingafunike. Mutha kupeza zolemba m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Animation Magazine's Job Board, Animation Guild, masamba a studio, LinkedIn, ndi masamba ena osiyanasiyana ofuna ntchito.

Kodi makanema ojambula a 3D ndi chisankho chabwino pantchito? Timaganiza choncho, koma ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndizoyenera kwa inu! Onani tsambali kuti mumve zambiri zamalipiro ndi kukula kwamakampani. Tidawunikiranso za makanema ojambula pamanja omwe ena mwaophunzira athu ndi aphunzitsi athu akuchita, kuphatikiza chifukwa chake amakonda ntchito yawo.

Kodi mukufunikira digiri kuti mupeze ntchito yojambula? Ayi! Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti simusowa digiri yaku koleji kapena kuyunivesite kuti mupeze ntchito ngati wojambula. Mafilimu ndi situdiyo zamasewera akanema sizimasamala za madigiri, koma maluso anu.

Kodi muli ndimakina athupi abwino? Kodi mungawonetse zochitika zosiyanasiyana? Onetsani luso lanu pokhazikitsa chiwonetsero kuti muwonetse olemba anzawo mtsogolo. Chiwonetsero chawonetsero ndi mndandanda wazifupi, nthawi zambiri masekondi 15-30, omwe amawonetsa ntchito yanu yabwino kwambiri. Kuti mumve zambiri pazomwe olemba anzawo akufuna mu demo reel, onani maupangiri kuchokera kwa a Shawn Kelly, woyambitsa mnzake wa Animation Mentor, komanso zolemba zambiri ndi makanema pamutuwu.

Onani Chiwonetsero cha Ophunzira cha Animation Mentor, chomwe chimakhala chiwonetsero cha sukulu. Chiwonetserocho chikuwonetsa ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya ophunzira athu, ambiri mwa iwo omwe adayamba pulogalamu yathu ndi zokumana nazo zosasintha.

Chotsatira ndi chiyani? Phunzirani kukhala ndi moyo.

Makanema ojambula pamanja amapereka mndandanda wamaphunziro asanu ndi limodzi ophunzitsira anthu omwe ndi atsopanowo ndipo akufuna kuphunzira kukhala akatswiri ojambula. Maphunzirowa amatengera mfundo za 12 za makanema ojambula kuti mukamapitilira pulogalamuyo mupange ntchito zovuta komanso zamphamvu.

Maphunziro athu onse amaphunzitsidwa ndi akatswiri amakampani - ochokera muma studio monga Disney, Pstrong, DreamWorks ndi Blue Sky - omwe angakupatseni mayankho pazithunzi zanu ndikuwongolera kuti muchite bwino. Mudzajowina pagulu losamala la anzanu omwe amaganiza nawo omwe amagawana magawo, mayankho ndi chithandizo, ndikupanga maubwenzi amoyo wonse ndi kulumikizana. Mudzakhalanso ndi mwayi pamapulatifomu aukadaulo omwe mungagwiritse ntchito homuweki ndi chiwonetsero chanu chazidziwitso, mosalekeza nditamaliza maphunziro.

Zonsezi, mndandandawu umatenga miyezi 18 kuti amalize. Mukamaliza maphunziro asanu ndi limodzi oyeserera, mutha kulembetsanso pamasemina ambiri omwe amaphunzitsa maluso ena.

Makanema ojambula ndi luso lomwe limafuna chidwi, kuleza mtima ndikuchita. Simungakhale ndi chilakolako chabodza, kaya muli nacho kapena mulibe, koma zina zonse ndi ntchito yolimbika. Chinsinsi chenicheni cha kuchita bwino kwa wojambula ndi ichi: nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito makanema ojambula pamankhwala, mudzakhala bwino.

Momwe mungasangalatse oyamba kumene

Mosiyana ndi makanema ojambula pamanja a 2D, makanema ojambula pamanja a 3D amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ndipo mwawokha safuna kudziwa momwe angakokere kuti agwire ntchito yawo. Kuphunzira luso lojambula, komabe, kungakuthandizeni kujambula ndikukonzekera malingaliro anu musanabwere nawo pakompyuta, kukupulumutsirani nthawi. Popeza makanema ojambula pamanja amayenera kutulutsa mawonekedwe awo, kuchita ndi kuchitapo kanthu, zimathandiza kumvetsetsa zoyambira zamatenda ndi kayendedwe kaumunthu. Pali mabuku akulu omwe timalimbikitsa, omwe akuphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi maphunziro omwe angakuthandizeni kuti muyambe kuphunzira nthawi yomweyo.

Phunziro la Video Yaulere ya 3D Kwa Oyamba: Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira makanema ojambula a 3D kwa oyamba kumene, onani mndandanda wathu wamaphunziro a kanema waulere motsogozedwa ndi m'modzi mwa omwe adayambitsa nawo, Bobby Beck. Sikuti adangothandiza kukhazikitsa sukulu yophunzitsira mibadwo yamtsogolo ya makanema ojambula, komanso anali m'modzi mwa opanga makanema Monsters Inc. e Kupeza Nemo! Bobby akuyendetsani mukutsitsa pulogalamu yaulere ya Maya ndikuwonetsani momwe mungapezere pulogalamu yaophunzira ya Autodesk Maya kuti muthe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndikupanga makanema ojambula.

Muthanso kuwona bulogu yaupangiri wa makanema ojambula kuti mupeze matani a zolemba zaulere zolembedwa ndi alangizi athu ndi alumni - ali ndi malingaliro ndi zidule za makanema ojambula!

Makanema ojambula pa oyamba kumene: Opanga makanema ojambula pamanja amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kuti akhale ndi moyo, ndipo ngakhale sitingathe kuzilemba zonse pano, tikufuna kukufotokozerani zotchuka kwambiri (zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi studio za makanema ojambula padziko lonse lapansi).

Zida zamagetsi za 3D

• Autodesk Maya - Ngati pali mulingo wagolide wamapulogalamu ojambula a 3D ndi Maya. Ichi ndiye chida choyenera cha makanema ojambula ndi ma studio ophunzirira ndipo ndikofunikira kuti makanema ojambula atsopano aphunzire momwe angagwiritsire ntchito. Ngakhale kuti kupereka ziphaso kumakhala kodula, Autodesk imapereka mtundu waulere wa maphunziro.
• Blender - Blender ikupeza kutchuka ngati chida chapamwamba kwambiri cha makanema ojambula a 3D ndipo imakhalabe yaulere. Pulogalamuyi yakula pazaka zingapo zapitazi kuti igwiritse ntchito magwiridwe antchito komanso mawonekedwe abwino. Ngati mtengo wamtengo wa Maya ndi wokwera kwambiri kwa inu, ndiye chisankho chotsatira.
• Houdini - Houdini ndiwotchuka popatsa ojambula luso lotha kupanga zowoneka bwino. Monga Maya, ndizovuta kwambiri kuphunzira, koma mtundu waulere umapezeka kwa ophunzira.
• Cinema 4D - Wogulitsidwa ngati chida chosavuta kwambiri cha mitundu ya 3D ndi zowonera, Houdini ndioyenera kwa aliyense amene akufuna kupititsa patsogolo makanema ochitapo kanthu ndi zotsatira zenizeni.
• Autodesk 3ds Max - 3ds Max ndi pulogalamu ina ya Autodesk yomwe imakhudza njira zingapo za payipi yojambula. Amadziwika bwino chifukwa cha makanema ojambula pamasewera komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Zida zamagetsi za 2D

• Toon Boom Mgwirizano - Harmony wolemba Toon Boom ndi chida chojambula chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi akatswiri komanso makanema ojambula atsopano. Timalimbikitsa izi pamsonkhano wathu woyamba wazithunzi wa 2D.
• Adobe Animate CC - Adobe idapanga pulogalamuyi kuti ikhale yosavuta kwa oyamba kumene kumvetsetsa, komanso zovuta kuti akatswiri azizindikira.
• Wopanga Zithunzi za Adobe - Cholinga chachikulu cha pulogalamuyi ndikupanga makanema ojambula pankhope kukhala osavuta momwe angathere. Imachita izi polumikizana ndi tsamba lawebusayiti yanu ndikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a 2D kutengera nkhope yanu. Ngakhale ichi ndi chida chachikulu kwa oyamba kumene, tikulimbikitsanso kuphunzira makanema ojambula pankhope panokha.
• Adobe pambuyo zotsatira - Pulogalamuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakampani ojambula makanema ndi ma rigging.

Makanema ojambula abwino kwambiri

• Kujambula piritsi - Piritsi lojambula ndi chida chogwiritsira ntchito zojambula zadijito. Izi ndizofunikira ngati mukufuna kukhala akatswiri ojambula kapena mukungofuna kupanga zochitika paboardboard. Wacom amapanga zina mwazinthu zodziwika bwino kwambiri pamakampani awa.
• Kompyuta yabwino - Zithunzi zowonetsera zokhala ndi ma rigs ovuta, kuwunikira mumlengalenga, ndi zinthu zingapo zosuntha zimafunikira mphamvu zambiri. Mufunika kukumbukira mwachangu komanso khadi yazithunzi yabwino. Ngati simukudziwa chomwe mungagule, ma PC apamwamba kapena apakatikati amasewera ayenera kukhala ndi zomwe mukufuna. Webusaitiyi ili ndi zolemba zingapo zabwino pamakompyuta abwino kwambiri ojambula.

Zothandizira pazithunzithunzi

Malo abwino oyambira ndi gawo la Resources la AnimationMentor.com, yolumikizana ndi ma e-book aulere, maupangiri ndi zidule, ndi ma webusayiti a iwo omwe akufufuza zamtsogolo zamakanema.

Masamba ena abwino ndi awa:

• Kalabu Yachiwiri Yachiwiri
• Adiwi
• Makanema ojambula
• Makanema ojambula padziko lonse lapansi
• BlenderNation
• Katundu wa katuni
• CGChikhalidwe

Mabuku ojambula ojambula oyamba ndi akatswiri omwe

Phunzirani kuchokera ku nthano za makanema ojambula pamabuku awa ndi opanga makanema odziwika komanso mabuku ochokera kwa omwe amatiphunzitsa komanso oyambitsa sukulu.

Zothandizira pantchito yojambula

• Malangizo ndi zidule za Volume II ndi Volume II lolembedwa ndi Shawn Kelly ndi othandizira makanema ojambula Carlos Baena, Keith Sintay, Aaron Gilman ndi Wayne Gilbert
• Kuthyola Makanema: Buku la Aardman la Makanema a 3D Wolemba Peter Lord ndi Brian Sibley
• Momwe mungapezere ntchito makanema ojambula pamakompyuta ndi Ed Harriss

Makanema ojambula

• Makanema ojambula: kuyambira pa script mpaka pazenera ndi Shamus Culhane
• Makanema ojambula ojambula (The Collector's Series) ndi Preston Blair
• Zojambula ku Moyo: Makalasi 20 Agolide a Disney Master Classes, Voliyamu I ndi II: The Walt Stanchfield Lectures Walt Stanchfield
• Chinyengo cha moyo Wolemba Frank Thomas ndi Ollie Johnston

Anatomy ndi kujambula

• Atlas Wamunthu Anatomy ya Artist Wolemba Stephen Rogers Peck
• Kuyang'anira: Kuwongolera Kumunda Pamakhalidwe Aanthu ndi Desmond Morris
• Chojambula Chosavuta pakupanga makanema ojambula ndi Wayne Gilbert

Buku

• Nyama zikuyenda ndi Eadweard Muybridge
• Mawonekedwe A nkhope: Chiwonetsero Chowonekera kwa Ojambula ndi Mark Simon
• Mitu Wolemba Alex Kayser
• Chithunzi cha munthu chikuyenda ndi Eadweard Muybridge

Kuchita ndi kuchita

• Kuchita Zoyimira Makanema: Buku Lathunthu la Makanema Osewerera ndi Ed Hooks
• Buku lothandiza kwa wochita seweroli Wolemba Melissa Bruder, Lee Michael Cohn, Madeleine Olnek, Robert Previtio, Nathanial Pollack, Scott Zigler ndi David Mamet

Khazikitsani, kuyatsa, kupereka ndi kapangidwe

• Kuunikira kwa digito ndikupereka ndi Jeremy Birn
• Kulemba zolemba ndi kujambula ndi Owen Demers
• Kuyatsa kanemayo: amalankhula ndi opanga mafilimu aku Hollywood ndi ma gaffers ndi Kris Malkiewicz
• Art and Science of Digital Compositing, Kusindikiza Kwachiwiri ndi Ron Brinkmann

Makanema ojambula a Makanema: Ku animationmentor.com/blog, mupeza zidziwitso zambiri pamakampani opanga makanema ojambula, akugwira ntchito muma studio opanga makanema ojambula pamasewera komanso makanema olembedwa ndi akatswiri ojambula. Mupezanso zolemba zakuya zakufunika kwa ma rolling demo; ndi ma webinema momwe mungapangire zovuta zina monga kukhala ndi moyo ngati zolengedwa zamoyo kapena zochitika zankhondo; kapena mndandanda wathu wamomwe tingakulitsire zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi monga mkwiyo, mantha, chisangalalo, chisoni, kudabwitsidwa komanso kunyansidwa - ndi zina zambiri.