Batman - indaba iqhawe yamahlaya opopayi

Batman iqhawe lezincwadi zamahlaya elithandwa kakhulu, lakhulelwa ngo-1939 ngumbhali wesikrini uBill Finger nomculi uBob Kane. Uvele okokuqala ezincwadini zeDetective Comics enesifiso sokuphinda impumelelo enkulu kaSuperman, noma ngabe kuphambene nalokhu kwamuva, uBatman akanawo amandla amakhulu, kepha unamakhono omuntu angavamile. Batman yindaba kaBruce Wayne, indodana kaThomas Wayne ocebile kakhulu. Ngemuva kokufakaza, ngenkathi esemncane, ukubulawa kwabazali bakhe yisela, uBruce (Batman) omncane wanquma ukubaphindisela. Wafunga wagomela ukuthi uzochitha impilo yakhe yonke elwa nazo zonke izigebengu. Cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili, uBruce osemncane (Batman) uzinikele kuphela ekuqeqesheni okukhulu, ukuze umzimba wakhe ukwazi ukwenza izinto ezinhle kakhulu kwezemidlalo, futhi waba ngusosayensi omkhulu. Eminyakeni yakhe yamashumi amathathu, uBruce Wayne (Batman) uthathe isinqumo sokuthi isikhathi sesifikile sokuqhubekela endleleni yamaqiniso. Njengoba ayecabanga: “Izigebengu zingabantu abesabayo nabakholelwa ezeni, ngidinga ingubo efihlekile ebethusa. Kufanele ngibe yisidalwa sasebusuku, nginsundu, ngiyesabeka a… a… ”Ngaleso sikhathi kuvele ilulwane efasiteleni. “Ilulwane! - UBruce ubabaze - Lapha! kufana nebika… ngizoba yilulwane! ”. Wakhetha igama likaBatman (uBatman kusho u-batman ngesiNgisi) wazakhela imvunulo yelulwane. Ngenxa yezimfanelo zakhe njengososayensi, wakhe uchungechunge lwemishini nemishini eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, emvumela ukuba abhekane nazo zonke izinduna eziyingozi ezivela ngezikhathi ezithile ezindabeni zakhe. I-Batman's alter ego, u-Bruce Wayne ocebile kakhulu uguqule indawo engaphansi kwendlu yakhe enhle ezweni laba ilabhorethri yesayensi enezinto zobuchwepheshe besimanje. Lapha sithola, ngaphakathi kwe-hangar-garagen enkulu eyakhiwe edwaleni, imoto yakhe enhle futhi ehlome kahle (i-bat-mobile), indiza yakhe (i-bat-plano) kanye nenani lezikhali ezingenamkhawulo azophinde azakhe isikhathi nesikhathi isikhathi ngesisekelo sobungozi besitha sakhe: intambo yelulwane (intambo enezingwegwe ekugcineni emvumela ukuba akhuphuke futhi agxume asuke kwesinye isakhiwo aye kwesinye), i-bat-rang (uhlobo lwe-boomerang olusesimweni we-bat) kanye ne-bat-gun wonke amathuluzi uBatman azowasebenzisa phakathi nokuzidela kwakhe. Kusukela yaqala (futhi akukuningi okushintshile kusukela lapho) imvunulo kaBatman inezingubo ezimpunga ezinezikhindi ezimnyama (ezinokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), amabhuzu ezinqeni namagilavu ​​amade aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka phakathi kwamabili, njengesigqoko sasekhanda usebenzisa imaski eshiya umlomo wakhe kuphela futhi kudalulwe isilevu, ngenkathi ezinhlangothini inezindlebe ezimbili ezicijile futhi igqoke ingubo emnyama esonga njengamaphiko ebhethi futhi ilusizo kakhulu njengeparachute, lapho uBatman kufanele ashibilike ngemuva kokweqa okuthile okumangazayo. UBatman usebenzisana nomphathi wamaphoyisa waseGotham City (idolobha langakubo) uKhomishani Gordon, ovame ukumbiza nge-bat-signal (isibani esikhanyayo esinomfanekiso welulwane) lapho kufanele axazulule icala elithile eliyinkimbinkimbi noma kufanele abambe. isikhohlakali. Ezenzakalweni zakhe uBatman uhambisana nelinye iqhawe: uRobin othembekile, umfana uyazibuza. Lokhu empeleni nguDick Grayson, umfana obonga amandla akhe, izibhakela nobuhlakani bakhe akwazi ukunikeza uBatman isandla. URobin ugqoka izikhindi ezibomvu, ikapa eliphuzi namagilavu ​​aluhlaza kanye namabhuthi.

Okubonisa ngokuqinile ukuzidela kukaBatman kungaphezu kwawo wonke ama-villains amahle avela ezindabeni zakhe, uchungechunge lwabantu abaxakile kakhulu, abahlanyayo, abesabekayo nabokuqala, bonke abanolwazi oluthile olubahlukanisayo. Isitha esidume kakhulu sikaBatman ngokungangabazeki uJocker, (owathi ekuhumusheni incwadi yokuqala yamahlaya e-Italiya, wabizwa ngokuthi "yiJolly") umbulali onesikhumba esimhlophe qwa, izinwele eziluhlaza, izindebe ezibomvu kakhulu nokusineka okungapheli okubhoboza amazinyo akhe. Ungumuntu ohlekisayo othanda ukuzibiza "ngomculi wobulelesi" futhi okumjabulisa kakhulu ukwenza izenzo zobugebengu ezihambisana nabo ngamahlaya nangamahlaya okunambitheka kabi kwabangenamashwa. Lo mlingiswa (kanye nawo wonke ama-villain ochungechungeni) unikeza ukuzidela kukaBatman isimo esihle, se-surreal nezikhathi eziningi ezinqumayo. Esinye isitha esikhulu sikaBatman yiPenguin, umlingiswa ngandlela-thile ofana neJoker, njengoba ethanda ukuzijabulisa ngamahlaya obugebengu. Ungumuntu omfushane, okhuluphele ohlale egqoke ibhantshi, isigqoko esiphakeme nesambulela empeleni okuyisikhali esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Esinye isitha sikaBatman nguRiddler, ogqoke amathayithi aluhlaza wonke embozwe amamaki emibuzo. Lezi zinsuku zijabulela ukuphonsela inselelo uBatman noRobin ngemibuzo enezixazululo zazo ezihlale zikhomba indawo lapho kuzodingeka enze khona ubugebengu. ICatwoman nayo iyingozi kakhulu, igxile ekwebeni ubucwebe. Igalari yezinhlamvu zikaBatman inkulu kakhulu impela, ngakho-ke sikhumbula ezinye nje eziningi njengo- "Ubuso obubili", isigebengu esinobuso obujwayelekile uhhafu kanti esinye isigamu sinesibazi se-vitriol, "i-Transformer", "iScarecrow", "Face of Clay" nabanye abaningi. Eceleni kwe-duo Batman e Robin, kaningi kukhona futhi izibalo zabesifazane ezithandekayo ezifana neBat-Girl (inguqulo yabesifazane ye- Batman) kanye neBat-Amazon, nabo abagqoke izingubo ezigqokiswe yilulwane futhi ezenzakalweni eziningi bakwazile ukukhipha abalingisi abaphambili enkingeni. Kusukela ekuzideleni kukaBatman okukhulunywe ngaye kumahlaya, kuthathwe amafilimu ahlukahlukene namakhathuni e-cinema nethelevishini. Kepha kwaba ngenxa yokuchazwa kabusha komdwebi wamakhathuni omkhulu uFrank Miller lapho uBatman ahlangabezana nentsha entsha kusukela ngawo-1989. Ubuciko bamahlaya kaBatman ukwazile ukunika lesi sibalo lesi sici se-gothic nesimbi esifana nokuqala kwakhe, enikeza izindaba isenzo esiningi nedrama, ngaphandle kokuziba isici esihlekisayo esihlale simhlukanisa. Ngo-XNUMX, sibonga ifilimu kaTim Burton, Batman ifeza impumelelo engakaze ibonwe eqhubeka nanamuhla, empeleni ngesikhathi ikhishwa okokuqala iphule wonke amarekhodi ehhovisi lamabhokisi emlandweni we-cinema futhi yanyusa i-bat-mania kangangokuba yaba ibhizinisi ekuthengisweni kwamagajethi. Kumafilimu ahlukahlukene aseBatman ashuthwe eminyakeni edlule kufanele sikhumbule ukuhunyushwa okuhle kukaJack Nicholson endimeni kaJocker nakuJim Carrey endimeni kaRiddler.